Which of the following health risks increases due to high intake of trans fats?

High intake of trans fats has been extensively studied and is linked to an increased risk of heart disease. Trans fats, which are often found in partially hydrogenated oils, contribute to elevated levels of LDL cholesterol (often referred to as "bad" cholesterol) in the body while simultaneously decreasing HDL cholesterol (or "good" cholesterol). This imbalance can lead to the buildup of plaque in arteries, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and other cardiovascular issues.

Research consistently shows that diets high in trans fats are associated with not only increased cholesterol levels but also inflammatory processes that can further harm vascular health. Consequently, reducing trans fats in the diet is an important public health goal to improve cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of heart disease. Other options presented, such as cancer, kidney disease, and diabetes, may have some associations with dietary factors but are not as directly linked to trans fat consumption as heart disease is.